Tattoo or Toxic Churches

Tattoo: Bodies, Art, and Exchange in the Pacific and the West

Author: Nicholas Thomas

The history of tattooing is shrouded in controversy. Citing the Polynesian derivation of the word “tattoo,” many scholars and tattoo enthusiasts have believed that the modern practice of tattooing originated in the Pacific, and specifically in the contacts between Captain Cook's seamen and the Tahitians. Tattoo demonstrates that while the history of tattooing is far more complex than this, Pacific body arts have provided powerful stimuli to the West intermittently from the eighteenth century to the present day. The essays collected here document the extraordinary, intertwined histories of processes of cultural exchange and Pacific tattoo practices. Art historians, anthropologists, and scholars of Oceania provide a transcultural history of tattooing in and beyond the Pacific.

The contributors examine the contexts in which Pacific tattoos were “discovered” by Europeans, track the history of the tattooing of Europeans visiting the region, and look at how Pacific tattooing was absorbed, revalued, and often suppressed by agents of European colonization. They consider how European art has incorporated tattooing, and they explore contemporary manifestations of Pacific tattoo art, paying particular attention to the different trajectories of Samoan, Tahitian, and Maori tattooing and to the meaning of present-day appropriations of tribal tattoos. New research has uncovered a rich visual archive of centuries-old tattoo images, and this richly illustrated volume includes a number of those—many published here for the first time—alongside images of contemporary tattooing in Polynesia and Europe. Tattoo offers a tantalizing glimpse into the plethora of stories and cross-cultural encounters that lie between the blood on a sailor's backside in the eighteenth century and the hammering of a Samoan tattoo tool in the twenty-first.

Contributors. Peter Brunt, Anna Cole, Anne D'Alleva, Bronwen Douglas, Elena Govor, Makiko Kuwahara, Sean Mallon, Linda Waimarie Nikora, Mohi Rua, Cyril Siorat, Ngahuia Te Awekotuku, Nicholas Thomas, Joanna White

“Marking the body is a unique act of social and aesthetic primacy. The authors of Tattoo bring these extraordinary body-marking traditions to life, elucidating in a range of sites and perspectives both the historic and contemporary importance of these forms. Through the lens of this engaging, insightful, and multidisciplinary volume, body practice and theory, history and sociology, art and ritual, East and West not only not only rub up against each other, but also inform and transform each other.”—Suzanne Preston Blier, Allen Whitehill Clowes Professor of Fine Arts and Professor of African and African American Studies, Harvard University

“This historically rigorous and theoretically nuanced collection of essays takes the reader on a global journey marked by successive phases of incomprehension, clash, desire, appropriation, and indigenous renewal. Through their meticulous chartings of the permutations of local differences, changing constructs of art, and shifting power relations the book produces critical new understandings of the process of cross-cultural translation—and its impossibility—indispensable to students of world systems of art and culture.”—Ruth Phillips, Canada Research Chair in Modern Culture and Professor of Art History, Carleton University

Nicholas Thomas is Professor of Anthropology at Goldsmiths College, University of London. His books include Cook: The Extraordinary Voyages of Captain James Cook and Bad Colonists: The South Seas Letters of Louis Becke and Vernon Lee Walker, published by Duke University Press. In 2002, he co-curated “Skin Deep: The History of Tattooing” at the National Maritime Museum in London.

Anna Cole is the Research Coordinator of the “Tatau/Tattoo: Embodied Art and Cultural Exchange” project based at Goldsmiths College.

Bronwen Douglas is a Senior Fellow in the Research School of Pacific and Asian Studies at the Australian National University. She is the author of Across the Great Divide: Journeys in History and Anthropology.

Table of Contents:

	Introduction	7
1	'Cureous figures' : European voyagers and Tatau/tattoo in Polynesia, 1595-1800	33
2	'Speckled bodies' : Russian voyagers and Nuku Hivans, 1804	53
3	Marks of transgression : the tattooing of Europeans in the Pacific Islands	72
4	Christian skins : Tatau and the evangelization of the Society Islands and Samoa	90
5	Governing tattoo : reflections on a colonial trial	109
6	The temptation of Brother Anthony : decolonization and the tattooing of Tony Fomison	123
7	Samoan Tatau as global practice	145
8	Multiple skins : space, time and tattooing in Tahiti	171
9	Wearing Moko : Maori facial marking in today's world	191
10	Beyond modern primitivism	205
	Epilogue : embodied exchanges and their limits	223

Interesting textbook: Uninsured in America or Great Feet for Life

Toxic Churches: Restoration from Spiritual Abuse

Author: Marc Dupont

Spiritual abuse devastates its victims perhaps more than any other form of violation, because it targets those who are most unprepared and vulnerable. In Toxic Churches, Marc Dupont reaches out to those who have given their time, money, and talents to the Body of Christ, only to find themselves hurting, frustrated, and confused. He also writes to Christian leaders who may have inadvertently hurt the flock of God entrusted to their care.

This book explores all aspects of spiritual abuse in the church. With care and tenderness, Dupont offers help and hope to those caught in abusive situations-people who might even be blaming themselves. He provides a healing balm to those with residual pain from past abuse. And he warns those engaging in abusive behavior, flagging telltale signs of warped and broken patterns. Those who have been used or abused by church leaders will find a deeper understanding of God's healing grace-both for themselves and for those who hurt them.